Prokaryotic – no membrane-bound organelles
Eukeryotic- membrane-bound organelles
Animal Cell: cells that do a lot of protein synthesis have more ribosomes (rough ER)
Liver Cells – more smooth ER for detoxification
Muscle Cells – more mitochondria to increase energy production
Secretory cells – more Golgi to serve mucus, etc.
Organelle | Function | Prokaryotes | Animal | Plant |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vacuoles | Storage | X | X | |
Lysosomes | Filled with enzymes to break molecules down | X | X | |
Ribosomes | Assemble proteins | X | X | X |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | Smooth-detoxification of drugs (no ribosomes) Rough-protein synthesis site(ribosomes) |
X | X | |
Golgi Apparatus | Modify, sort and package things from ER | X | X | |
Chloroplasts | Photosynthesis – convert light energy to chemical energy | X | ||
Mitochondria | Cell powerhouse – converts chemical energy to usable from; cell respiration | X | X | Nucleus | Contains DNA | X | X |
Cytoskeleton | Maintain cell shape, movement | X | X | |
Centrioles | Organize cell division | X | ||
Cell wall | Shape, support, protect cell | X | X | |
Cell Membrane | Protect, support, regulate transport into /out of cell | X | X | X |